1. Solar Fundamentals & System Sizing

• Solar Resource Analysis: Understanding irradiance, sun paths, shading effects, and weather data for site assessment.

• PV Cell and Module Technology: Principles of the photovoltaic effect, characteristics of different cell types (mono/poly-crystalline, thin-film), and module performance ratings.

• System Components: Detailed study of modules, inverters (string, micro-inverters, central), racking systems, charge controllers, and battery storage.

• Load Analysis & System Sizing: Mastering calculations for determining residential, commercial, and industrial energy needs and accurately sizing the PV array and components.

2. Grid Integration & Electrical Design

• System Architectures: Design and comparison of Grid-Tied (on-grid), Off-Grid (stand-alone), and Hybrid PV systems.

• Advanced Inverter Technology: Understanding Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), anti-islanding protection, power quality, and communication protocols.

• Electrical Design & Wiring: Sizing conductors, calculating voltage drop, overcurrent protection (fuses/breakers), and selecting appropriate junction boxes and disconnects.

• Net Metering & Utility Interconnection: Learning the technical and procedural requirements for connecting a PV system to the utility grid.

3. Installation Techniques & Safety Standards

• Hands-on Panel Setup: Practical training in mounting systems, array layout, and securing PV modules on various roof types (pitched, flat) and ground mounts.

• Wiring and Termination: Best practices for wiring PV arrays, combining circuits, proper grounding, and sealing penetrations.

• Commissioning & Testing: Procedures for system startup, performance verification, IV curve tracing, and troubleshooting common installation errors.

• Safety Compliance: In-depth study of safety regulations (e.g., OSHA, NEC standards) related to working at heights, electrical hazards, and site safety protocols.

4. Project Development & Real-World Application

• Permitting & Regulatory Compliance: Navigating the process of obtaining necessary permits and understanding local and national solar energy codes.

• Financial Modeling Basics: Introduction to calculating Return on Investment (ROI), payback periods, and understanding solar incentives.

• Maintenance & Troubleshooting: Developing preventative maintenance schedules and systematic procedures for diagnosing and repairing system faults.

• Capstone Project: Designing a complete, fully documented, and code-compliant PV system (e.g., a 10kW residential system) from site assessment to final blueprint.